Negative space, also known as white space, is the area around and between the subjects of an image. In abstract art, negative space plays a crucial role in the composition and overall impact of the artwork.

Using negative space involves careful planning, attention to detail, and a willingness to experiment. Considering how negative space interacts with positive elements, you can create more balanced, interesting, and dynamic compositions. Remember, negative space is not just an empty space but an integral part of the artwork that contributes to its overall impact.

• Silhouettes and Outlines: Create a composition where the outline defines the main elements, allowing the surrounding negative space to form part of the image.

• Contrast and Balance: Use contrasting colours or values between the positive and negative spaces to create visual interest and highlight the forms within the artwork.

• Shape and Form: Design shapes that rely on the interplay between positive and negative spaces. This can involve creating forms that are defined more by the space around them than by their lines or colours.

• Simplification: Reduce the amount of positive space to highlight the negative space. This minimalist approach can make the artwork more striking and impactful.

• Symmetry and Asymmetry: Experiment with symmetrical and asymmetrical designs. Symmetry can create a sense of order and calm, while asymmetry can add dynamism and tension.

• Planning: Start with sketches to map out where your positive and negative spaces will be. Consider how they interact and balance each other.

• Focus on Edges: Pay attention to the edges of your positive space. The clarity and shape of these edges will define the negative space.

• Experiment with Mediums: Try different mediums (paint, ink, collage) to see how negative space behaves with each. For example, in painting, the thickness of the paint and brushstrokes can affect the perception of negative space.

• Henri Matisse: Used negative space in cut-out works, where the shapes cut from paper are as significant as the shapes left behind.

• Kazimir Malevich: His abstract compositions often played with negative space to create a sense of depth and movement.